2005年硕士研究生入学考试英语试题及参考答案

31. Researchers have come to believe that dreams
A. can be modified in their courses.
B. are susceptible to emotional changes.
C. reflect our innermost desires and fears.
D. are a random outcome of neural repairs.
32. By referring to the limbic system, the author intends to show
A. its function in our dreams.
B. the mechanism of REM sleep.
C. the relation of dreams to emotions.
D. its difference from the prefrontal cortex.
33. The negative feelings generated during the day tend to
A. aggravate in our unconscious mind.
B. develop into happy dreams.
C. persist till the time we fall asleep.
D. show up in dreams early at night.
34.Cartwright seems to suggest that
A. waking up in time is essential to the ridding of bad dreams.
B. visualizing bad dreams helps bring them under con troll.
C. dreams should be left to their natural progression.
D. dreaming may not entirely belong to the unconscious.
35. What advice might Cartwright give to those who sometimes have had dreams?
A. lead your life as usual.
B. Seek professional help.
C. Exercise conscious control.
D. Avoid anxiety in the daytime.
Text 4
American no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift. Nor do they aspire to such command themselves. In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing. The Degradation of language and Music and why we should like, care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees the triumph of 1960s
counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English.
But the cult of the authentic and the personal, “doing our own thing”, has spelt the death of formal speech, writing, poetry and music. While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the 1960s, even the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page. Equally, in poetry, the highly personal, performative genre is the only form that could claim real liveliness. In both oral and written English, talking is triumphing over speaking, spontaneity over craft.
Illustrated with an entertaining array of examples from both high and low culture, the trend that Mr. McWhorter documents is unmistakable. But it is less clear, to take the question of his subtitle, why we should, like care. As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive-there exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas He is not arguing, as many do, that we can no longer think straight because we do not talk proper.
Russians have a deep love for their own language and carry large chunks of memorized poetry in their heads, while Italian politicians tend to elaborate speech that would seem old-fashioned to most English-speakers. Mr. McWhorter acknowledges that formal language is not strictly necessary, and proposes no radical education reforms-he is really grieving over the loss of something beautiful more than useful. We now take our English “on paper plates instead of china”. A shame, perhaps, but probably an inevitable one.